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Compare Baker Island (2003) - Yemen (2003)

Compare Baker Island (2003) z Yemen (2003)

 Baker Island (2003)Yemen (2003)
 Baker IslandYemen
Administrative divisions - 19 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Abyan, 'Adan, Ad Dali', Al Bayda', Al Hudaydah, Al Jawf, Al Mahrah, Al Mahwit, 'Amran, Dhamar, Hadramawt, Hajjah, Ibb, Lahij, Ma'rib, Sa'dah, San'a', Shabwah, Ta'izz


note: there may be one additional governorate of the capital city of Sanaa
Age structure - 0-14 years: 46.8% (male 4,606,110; female 4,446,229)


15-64 years: 50.4% (male 4,972,946; female 4,778,034)


65 years and over: 2.8% (male 272,921; female 273,641) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products - grain, fruits, vegetables, pulses, qat (mildly narcotic shrub), coffee, cotton; dairy products, livestock (sheep, goats, cattle, camels), poultry; fish
Airports 1 abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m, completely covered with vegetation and unusable (2002) 44 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 16


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 9


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 28


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 7


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 11


under 914 m: 4 (2002)
Area total: 1.4 sq km


land: 1.4 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 527,970 sq km


land: 527,970 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Perim, Socotra, the former Yemen Arab Republic (YAR or North Yemen), and the former People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY or South Yemen)
Area - comparative about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming
Background The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast. North Yemen became independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1918. The British, who had set up a protectorate area around the southern port of Aden in the 19th century, withdrew in 1967 from what became South Yemen. Three years later, the southern government adopted a Marxist orientation. The massive exodus of hundreds of thousands of Yemenis from the south to the north contributed to two decades of hostility between the states. The two countries were formally unified as the Republic of Yemen in 1990. A southern secessionist movement in 1994 was quickly subdued. In 2000, Saudi Arabia and Yemen agreed to a delimitation of their border.
Birth rate - 43.23 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget - revenues: $3 billion


expenditures: $3.1 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2001 est.)
Capital - Sanaa
Climate equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east
Coastline 4.8 km 1,906 km
Constitution - 16 May 1991; amended 29 September 1994 and February 2001
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Baker Island
conventional long form: Republic of Yemen


conventional short form: Yemen


local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Yamaniyah


local short form: Al Yaman
Currency - Yemeni rial (YER)
Death rate - 9.04 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external - $6.2 billion (2002)
Dependency status unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system -
Diplomatic representation from the US - chief of mission: Ambassador Edmund J. HULL


embassy: Dhahar Himyar Zone, Sheraton Hotel District, Sanaa


mailing address: P. O. Box 22347, Sanaa


telephone: [967] (1) 303-161


FAX: [967] (1) 303-182
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission: Ambassador Abd al-Wahhab Abdallah al-HAJRI


chancery: Suite 705, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037


telephone: [1] (202) 965-4760


FAX: [1] (202) 337-2017
Disputes - international none Eritrea protests Yemeni fishing around the Hanish islands awarded to Eritrea by the ICJ in 1999; nomadic groups in border region with Saudi Arabia resist demarcation of boundary
Economic aid - recipient - $2.3 billion to be disbursed 2003-07 (2003-07 disbursements)
Economy - overview no economic activity Yemen, one of the poorest countries in the Arab world, reported strong growth in the mid-1990s with the onset of oil production, but has been harmed by periodic declines in oil prices. Yemen has embarked on an IMF-supported structural adjustment program designed to modernize and streamline the economy, which has led to substantial foreign debt relief and restructuring. International donors, meeting in Paris in October 2002, agreed on a further $2.3 billion economic support package. Yemen has worked to maintain tight control over spending and implement additional components of the IMF program. A high population growth rate and internal political dissension complicate the government's task.
Electricity - consumption - 2.8 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 3.01 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 8 m
lowest point: Arabian Sea 0 m


highest point: Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb 3,760 m
Environment - current issues no natural fresh water resources very limited natural fresh water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups - predominantly Arab; but also Afro-Arab, South Asians, Europeans
Exchange rates - Yemeni rials per US dollar - NA (2002), 168.67 (2001), 161.72 (2000), 155.72 (1999), 135.88 (1998)
Executive branch - chief of state: President Field Marshall Ali Abdallah SALIH (since 22 May 1990, the former president of North Yemen, assumed office upon the merger of North and South Yemen); Vice President Maj. Gen. Abd al-Rab Mansur al-HADI (since 3 October 1994)


head of government: Prime Minister Abd al-Qadir BA JAMAL (since 4 April 2001)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister


elections: president elected by direct, popular vote for a seven-year term (recently extended from a five-year term by constitutional amendment); election last held 23 September 1999 (next to be held NA 2006); vice president appointed by the president; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president


election results: Ali Abdallah SALIH elected president; percent of vote - Ali Abdallah SALIH 96.3%, Najib Qahtan AL-SHAABI 3.7%
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - crude oil, coffee, dried and salted fish
Exports - partners - India 21.1%, Thailand 16.9%, South Korea 11.2%, China 11.1%, Malaysia 7.7%, US 6.7%, Singapore 4% (2002)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of the US is used three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; similar to the flag of Syria, which has two green stars and of Iraq which has three green stars (plus an Arabic inscription) in a horizontal line centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Egypt, which has a heraldic eagle centered in the white band
GDP - purchasing power parity - $15.07 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 22%


industry: 38%


services: 40% (2001)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $800 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 4.1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 0 13 N, 176 31 W 15 00 N, 48 00 E
Geography - note treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife strategic location on Bab el Mandeb, the strait linking the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, one of world's most active shipping lanes
Highways - total: 67,000 km


paved: 7,705 km


unpaved: 59,295 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: 3%


highest 10%: 25.9% (1998)
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - food and live animals, machinery and equipment, chemicals
Imports - partners - US 10.4%, Saudi Arabia 9.5%, China 8.7%, UAE 6.9%, Russia 5.8%, France 4.7% (2002)
Independence - 22 May 1990, Republic of Yemen was established with the merger of the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; previously North Yemen had become independent on NA November 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and South Yemen had become independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 4% (2002 est.)
Industries - crude oil production and petroleum refining; small-scale production of cotton textiles and leather goods; food processing; handicrafts; small aluminum products factory; cement
Infant mortality rate - total: 65.02 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 69.98 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 59.81 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 12.2% (2002 est.)
International organization participation - ACC, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) 4,900 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court
Labor force - NA
Labor force - by occupation - most people are employed in agriculture and herding; services, construction, industry, and commerce account for less than one-fourth of the labor force
Land boundaries 0 km total: 1,746 km


border countries: Oman 288 km, Saudi Arabia 1,458 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)
arable land: 2.75%


permanent crops: 0.21%


other: 97.04% (1998 est.)
Languages - Arabic
Legal system the laws of the US, where applicable, apply based on Islamic law, Turkish law, English common law, and local tribal customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - a new constitutional amendment ratified on 20 February 2001 created a bicameral legislature consisting of a Shura Council (111 seats; members appointed by the president) and a House of Representatives (301 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: last held 27 April 2003 (next to be held NA April 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - GPC 238, Islah 46, YSP 8, Nasserite Unionist Party 3, National Arab Socialist Baath Party 2, independents 4
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 60.97 years


male: 59.16 years


female: 62.87 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 50.2%


male: 70.5%


female: 30% (2003 est.)
Location Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia
Map references Oceania Middle East
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 18,623 GRT/23,752 DWT


ships by type: cargo 1, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 1


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Hong Kong 2 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard establishment of a Coast Guard, scheduled for May 2001, has been delayed
Military branches - Army (includes Special Forces, established in 1999), Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Forces, Republican Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $482.5 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 5.2% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 4,443,312 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 2,493,612 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 14 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 249,292 (2003 est.)
National holiday - Unification Day, 22 May (1990)
Nationality - noun: Yemeni(s)


adjective: Yemeni
Natural hazards the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard sandstorms and dust storms in summer
Natural resources guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife petroleum, fish, rock salt, marble, small deposits of coal, gold, lead, nickel, and copper, fertile soil in west
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines - gas 88 km; oil 1,174 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders - there are over 12 political parties active in Yemen, some of the more prominent are: General People's Congress or GPC [President Ali Abdallah SALIH]; Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah [Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR]; National Arab Socialist Baath Party [Dr. Qassim SALAAM]; Nasserite Unionist Party [Abdel Malik al-MAKHLAFI]; Yemeni Socialist Party or YSP [Ali Salih MUQBIL]


note: President SALIH's General People's Congress or GPC won a landslide victory in the April 1997 legislative election and no longer governs in coalition with Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR's Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah - the two parties had been in coalition since the end of the civil war in 1994; the YSP, a loyal opposition party, boycotted the April 1997 legislative election, but announced that it would participate in Yemen's first local elections, held in February 2001; these local elections aim to decentralize political power and are a key element of the government's political reform program
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population uninhabited


note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service (July 2003 est.)
19,349,881 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - 3.42% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast Aden, Al Hudaydah, Al Mukalla, As Salif, Ras Issa, Mocha, Nishtun
Radio broadcast stations - AM 6, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Muslim including Shaf'i (Sunni) and Zaydi (Shi'a), small numbers of Jewish, Christian, and Hindu
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female


total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: since unification in 1990, efforts have been made to create a national telecommunications network


domestic: the national network consists of microwave radio relay, cable, tropospheric scatter, and GSM cellular mobile telephone systems


international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region), and 2 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and Djibouti
Telephones - main lines in use - 291,359 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 32,042 (2000)
Television broadcast stations - 7 (plus several low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula
Total fertility rate - 6.82 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Transportation - note there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast -
Unemployment rate - 30% (1995 est.)
Waterways none none
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